Archaeological Chemistry

Acabou de ser publicado o livro seguinte:

Zvi Goffer, James D. Winefordner, Archaeological Chemistry, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, 2007, 623 pp.

Embora seja descrito como a 2.ª edição do livro com o mesmo título publicado em 1980, edição era que era assinada apenas pelo primeiro autor, trata-se praticamente de um novo livro sobre o mesmo tema. Além de actualizado, tem uma nova organização, trata de novos assuntos, outros foram retirados e tem um segundo autor.

Índice:

• Minerals: rock and stone; pigments, abrasives, gemstones.
• The chemical elements.
• Minerals and mineraloids.
• Rock and stone.
• The study of archaeological stone.
• The chemical analysis of archaeological materials.
• The provenance of archaeological materials.
• The chronology of archaeological materials.
• Pigments.
• Abrasives.
• Gemstones.
• Cutting and polishing gemstones.
• Lithics: Flint and obsidian.
• Quartz and flint.
• Obsidian.
• Use wear analysis.
• Sand: glass, glaze, enamel.
• Glass, glaze and enamel.
• Glass.
• Glassmaking.
• Ancient glass studies.
• The decay of glass.
• Secondary rocks: building stone, brick, cement, mortar.
• Building stone.
• Cement.
• The study of ancient cements.
• Ores: metals and alloys.
• Native metals.
• Metalliferous ores.
• Mining.
• Ore dressing.
• Smelting.
• Metal refining.
• Alloys.
• The metals and alloys of antiquity.
• The deterioration of metals and alloys - Corrosion.
• The study of archaeological metals and alloys.
• Sediments and soils.
• Sediments, oxygen isotopes and ancient temperatures.
• Soil.
• Clay: Pottery and other ceramic materials.
• Primary clay.
• Secondary clay.
• Clay and ceramic materials.
• Ceramic materials.
• Making ceramics.
• Common ceramic materials       .
• The study of ancient pottery.
• The biosphere: Organic and biological substances.
• Living organisms and cells.
• Biological matter: organic and bioinorganic substances.
• Ancient biological materials.
• Dating organic materials.
• Carbohydrates: wood, gums, resins.
• Wood.
• Gums.
• Resins.
• Carbohydrates, isotopes and the study of ancient diets.
• Lipids: oils, fats and waxes.
• Oils.
• Fats.
• Waxes.
• Soap.
• Ancient lipids.
• Proteins:   skin and hide, leather, glue.
• Animal skin.
• Skin and hide.
• Leather.
• Glue.
• Dating ancient proteins - amino acid racemization dating.
• The nucleic acids: Human traits; genetics and evolution.
• DNA after death.
• The polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
• Ancient DNA studies.
• Fibers: yarn, textiles and cordage; writing materials.
• Fibers.
• Textile and cordage fibers.
• Vegetable fibers.
• Animal fibers.
• Inorganic   fibers.
• The study of archaeological fibers.
• Writing materials.
• Dyes and dyeing.
• Stains and staining.
• The dyeing process.
• Mordants.
• The nature of dyes.
• Ancient dyes.
• The identification and characterization of ancient dyes and mordants.
• Bioinorganic materials;   bone, ivory, shell, phytoliths.
• Bone.
• Teeth.
• Ivory.
• Horn.
• Antler.
• Shell.
• Archaeological bone.
• Bone, stable isotopes and ancient diets.
• Some ancient   remains: mummies, fossils, coprolites.
• Mummies and mummification.
• Embalming.
• Fossils and fossilization.
• Animal excretions, coprolites.
• The environment and the decay of archaeological materials.
• Air and the atmosphere.
• The composition of the atmosphere.
• Water and the hydrosphere.
• Pollution.
• Air pollutants.
• Water pollutants.
• The interaction of materials with the environment.
• Temperature effects.
• Sunlight.
• Oxygen and ozone.
• Water.
• Air pollutants.
• The deterioration of some archaeological materials.
• The authentication of antiquities.
• Technical and scientific and methods of authentication.
• Some authentication studies.
• Appendix I. The Chemical Elements.
• Appendix II. Chronometric Dating Methods: Selection criteria.
• Appendix III. Symbols, constants, units and equivalencies.

O 1.º capítulo, num total de 91 páginas, está livremente disponível aqui.